Outcomes of maxillary sinus floor augmentation without grafts in atrophic maxilla: A systematic review and meta‐analysis based on randomised controlled trials

Abstract

Maxillary sinus floor augmentation without grafts has been more widely used, but the efficacy is still controversial. The aim of this review was to systematically evaluate the effectiveness of sinus floor augmentation without grafts in atrophic maxilla. The electronic databases included PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The meta-analysis was conducted by Review Manager 5.1. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). The electronic database and manual search yield 707 studies. After critical selection, only 6 studies were eligible. Five studies with 336 implants were included in the meta-analysis compared sinus augmentation with grafts to without grafts. No significant differences were found between the two groups in implant survivals (P=0.94), marginal bone loss (P=0.73) and new bone density (P=0.54). There was significantly more endosinus bone gain in the grafting group (P=0.02). According to the GRADE, the levels of evidence were moderate (implant survival and marginal bone loss), low (endosinus bone gain) and very low (new bone density). There were no significant differences between maxillary sinus augmentation with and without grafts in short-term implant survivals.