Abstract
This study aimed to determine clinical outcomes of local excision for early rectal cancer from a University Hospital in Thailand. We performed a retrospective review of 22 consecutive patients undergoing local excision for early rectal cancer (clinical and radiological T1/T2) from 2005-2010 at the Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok. Data were collected from patients' medical records, including demographic and clinical characteristics, pathological report and surgical outcomes. This study included 10 males and 12 females, with average age of 68 years. Nineteen patients (86%) underwent transanal excision and the others had trans-sacral excision. Median operative time was 45 minutes. Postoperative complications occurred in 2 patients (9%); 1 fecal fistula and 1 wound infection following trans-sacral excision. There was no 30-day postoperative mortality. Median hospital stay was 5 days. Pathological reports revealed T1 lesion in 12 cases (55%), T2 lesion in 8 cases (36%) and T3 lesion in 2 cases (9%). Eight patients received additional treatment; one re-do transanal excision, two proctectomies, and five adjuvant chemoradiation. During the median follow-up period of 25 months, local recurrence was detected in 4 patients (18%); two cases of T2 lesions with close or positive margins, and two cases of T3 lesions. Three patients with local recurrence underwent salvage abdominoperineal resection. No local recurrence was found in T1/T2 lesions with free surgical margins. Local excision is a feasible and acceptable alternative to radical resection only in early rectal cancer with free resection margins and favorable histopathology.
Highlights
The standard oncological treatment of rectal cancer is trans-abdominal radical surgery; namely sphincterpreservation surgery and non-sphincter-preservation surgery
Pathological reports revealed T1 lesion in 12 cases (55%), T2 lesion in 8 cases (36%) and T3 lesion in 2 cases (9%)
During the median follow-up period of 25 months, local recurrence was detected in 4 patients (18%); two cases of T2 lesions with close or positive margins, and two cases of T3 lesions
Summary
The standard oncological treatment of rectal cancer is trans-abdominal radical surgery; namely sphincterpreservation surgery (anterior resection and low anterior resection) and non-sphincter-preservation surgery (abdominoperineal resection; APR). Both open surgery and laparoscopic-assisted surgery are capable of removing the rectum containing tumor and node-bearing mesorectum, resulting in a low rate of local recurrence and good long-term oncological outcomes (Schmoll et al, 2012; Monson et al, 2013). This study aimed to determine clinical outcomes of local excision for early rectal cancer from a University Hospital in Thailand. Conclusions: Local excision is a feasible and acceptable alternative to radical resection only in early rectal cancer with free resection margins and favorable histopathology
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