Abstract
BackgroundDialysis-associated morbidity and mortality among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients has been increasing, despite the advancement in pharmacological treatment and dialysis technology. The aim of this study was to determine the outcomes of dialysis among ESRD patients presenting at the nephrology department of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC). MethodologyThis cross-sectional study was conducted during the year 2015-2016, including 105 ESRD patients. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire inquiring about patient's demographics and hemodialysis details. The outcomes in terms of survival and death within one month of dialysis were also recorded. The statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 21.0 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY).ResultsGender distribution showed that most of the study patients were males (58.1%). The mean duration of ESRD was 7.65 ± 3.69 months while the mean duration of hemodialysis was 36.5 ± 5.65 hours. Among the comorbid conditions, hypertension (69.5%) and diabetes (64.8%) were the most prevalent, followed by renal stones, chronic pyelonephritis, and chronic nephritis. The outcomes indicated mortality among 16.2% of patients; all deceased ESRD patients had diabetes (p < 0.05). Moreover, the duration of hemodialysis was significantly associated with the outcomes of dialysis (p < 0.05).ConclusionIn conclusion, a considerable mortality rate was observed among ESRD patients undergoing hemodialysis. Moreover, patient survival was better with the increased duration of dialysis.
Highlights
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an enormously affecting public health condition characterized by structural abnormalities, impaired renal function, and persistent urine-associated abnormalities [1]
The duration of hemodialysis was significantly associated with the outcomes of dialysis (p < 0.05)
All end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients between 15 and 60 years of age presenting for the first time to the nephrology unit of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC) with advanced uremia and academia were included in the study
Summary
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an enormously affecting public health condition characterized by structural abnormalities, impaired renal function, and persistent urine-associated abnormalities [1]. Progressive CKD causes irreversible damage to kidney function, leading to ESRD, which affects the overall mortality and morbidity rate, health-related quality of life, requirement of health services, and treatment cost [2]. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) is considered a life-saving treatment for ESRD patients, either through dialysis or kidney transplant [5]. Due to a lack of renal replacement services, only 2.5 million patients receive RRT while the majority remain unattended, i.e. 2.3-7.1-million adults expired prematurely due to lack of treatment accessibility [4]. Dialysis-associated morbidity and mortality among end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients has been increasing, despite the advancement in pharmacological treatment and dialysis technology.
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