Abstract
ObjectiveThis cross-sectional study aims to investigate the effect of the cause of missing teeth on the survival and subjective success of dental implant treatment (DIT) in young patients with missing teeth due to non-congenital causes (tooth loss) in comparison to patients with missing teeth because of congenital causes (hypodontia and oligodontia).Material and methodsAll patients were asked 7 questions to extract information about the survival and subjective success of DIT. Implant survival function was designed using the Kaplan-Meier analysis. Differences in implant success outcomes were studied using binary logistic regression analysis.ResultsOne hundred ten patients aged 18 to 40 years old were included, whereof 32 patients with tooth loss, 25 patients with hypodontia and 53 patients with oligodontia. In the tooth loss group, implant survival reached 96.9%; in the hypodontia group 96.0%; and in the oligodontia group 88.7%. Regarding subjective implant success, patient satisfaction was significantly higher (p < 0.040) among patients with congenital missing teeth in comparison to patients with tooth loss. Other implant success components showed no statistically significant difference (p > 0.050) between the groups.ConclusionThe cause of missing teeth does not influence implant survival. However, the cause of missing teeth does have a significant impact on patient satisfaction (implant success), ascertaining young patients with congenital missing teeth as more satisfied of DIT than young patients with tooth loss.Clinical relevanceYoung patients with tooth agenesis and with an increased number of missing teeth are more content about the treatment with dental implants than patients with tooth loss. Furthermore, a consensus regarding the assessment of implant success is an essential concern for clarification.
Highlights
Tooth agenesis is defined as the congenital absence of one or more missing teeth excluding the third molars [37]
The cause of missing teeth does have a significant impact on patient satisfaction, ascertaining young patients with congenital missing teeth as more satisfied of Dental implant treatment (DIT) than young patients with tooth loss
Clinical relevance: Young patients with tooth agenesis and with an increased number of missing teeth are more content about the treatment with dental implants than patients with tooth loss
Summary
Tooth agenesis is defined as the congenital absence of one or more missing teeth excluding the third molars [37]. Tooth agenesis is the most common congenital dental abnormality with a prevalence that varies between 0.15% and 16.2% in different study populations [32]. Dental implant treatment (DIT) is recognized as the most successful treatment for missing teeth because of the high survival rate of more than 94.0% over a mean period of 13 years [16, 29]. Several factors such as smoking, unhealthy/sugary diet, bruxism, xerostomia, osteoporosis, diabetes, and radiotherapy can contribute to unsatisfactory outcomes and very early failure of the implants in patients with missing teeth due to congenital or non-congenital causes [34]. Patients with hypodontia and oligodontia showed high satisfaction and masticatory function (69.4%), high phonetic ability (80.6%), and high implant success (88.4%) according to Albrektsson criteria [3]
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