Outcomes and complications following primary subtalar arthrodesis in delay treatment of Sander type IV calcaneal fracture

Abstract

The paper presents numerical analysis of the mechanical wave propagation in the composite made of sandstone and rubber. For the analysis purposes sandstone block with dimensions 15×15×15 cm was adopted. Special circular holes were hollowed in front block faces, in which steel rods were inserted concentrically. In the free space between rods and sandstone material, rubber could be injected or inserted. Three different cases were investigated, where the number of holes and steel rods with rubber cover corresponded to the number of directions in which dynamic loads were simultaneously acting. It was assumed that rubber was described by Mooney-Rivlin and Zahorski material model. Both materials are incompressible hyperelastic materials, i.e. nonlinear materials, which are described by the hyperelastic potential. Sandstone otherwise was modelled with the utilization of an elastic isotropic material. Obtained numerical results allowed to evaluate the sustainability of the considered composite to damp the dynamical effects, especially for places where sandstone is utilized as a construction material.