Abstract
Objective:The objective of the study was to assess the outcome of upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) in healthy children.Methods:This descriptive study was conducted on 314 children aged 3-36 months in the paediatric outpatient clinic and emergency department with symptoms of URTI (fever, cough, rhinorrhoea) for ≤5 days. Patient’s demographics, clinical features, laboratory data and outcome were recorded. Follow up phone calls were made to parents on day 7 (response 93.6%) and day 14 (response 94.6%) to record outcome.Results:A total of 314 children with URTIs were included. Majority (57.6%) were males and <1year of age (40%). Common manifestations of URTI were fever (89%), cough (79%), rhinorrhoea (62%), pharyngitis (79%) and conjunctivitis (46%). More than half (53%) had history of contact with URTI in a family member. Mean duration of symptoms was 2.7±1.3 days. Majority (93%) of children were given supportive treatment and only 6.7% received antibiotics initially. Most of children (76%) recovered within one week and 91.8% within two weeks with supportive care only. Only 4% children were hospitalized and 12% required follow up visit of which 16% needed oral antibiotics. Complications or deaths did not occur.Conclusions:Majority of URTIs in healthy children resolved with supportive treatment and do not require antibiotics. Antibiotic stewardship in simple URTIs should be practiced using awareness and advocacy campaigns.
Highlights
Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is one of the most common childhood illnesses with mostly an acute, self-limited course.[1,2] It is caused by a variety of infectious agents but mostly respiratory viruses (61%).[2]
A total of 314 children with upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) were enrolled for the study
Majority (93.3%) of children were given supportive treatment and only 6.7% required an antibiotic based on specific focus of infection (Table-II)
Summary
Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is one of the most common childhood illnesses with mostly an acute, self-limited course.[1,2] It is caused by a variety of infectious agents but mostly respiratory viruses (61%).[2] Rhinoviruses, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza viruses, parainfluenza viruses and adenoviruses are commonly responsible for URTIs in preschool children accounting for at least 50% of colds in both children and adults with admission in 180 per 10,000 children.[2]. Diagnosis of URTI is made on clinical grounds. Laboratory tests are usually not needed in healthy children with uncomplicated URTI.
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