Abstract
Objective. This study aimed to perform a systematic review of existing literature to assess the outcomes of pregnancy in women with COVID-19 infection and their newborns while estimating the possibility of vertical transmission. Materials and methods. We conducted a systematic literature research using Pubmed and Google Scholar covering the period from December 2019 to 20th of November 2020. The review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Outcomes. We included 16 studies – systematic reviews and meta-analyses published between May 2020 and November 2020 – which focused on perinatal outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 and 7 case reports of neonates with congenital transmission of COVID-19. Overall, the rate of COVID-19 cases in neonates of COVID-19 positive mothers was 3% with 95% CI [1.86, 4.24]). The preterm birth rate was 16.4% with 95% CI [10.5, 22.3] and the rate of stillbirths and foetal deaths was 1.4% (11 studies, 0 to 4.8%). From the 7 newborns with proved vertical transmission, majority were born preterm, with good birth weight and APGAR score and heterogenous symptoms; 4 developed severe symptoms. Overall progress and evolution for both mother and newborn was good. Conclusions. COVID-19 impact on pregnancy outcome is similar to general population in regard to preterm rate and stillbirth rate. Vertical transmission is possible and it seems to occur in about 3% of cases. Overall maternal and perinatal outcome is favourable and clinical presentation of in utero transmission of SARSCoV-2 in newborns is heterogenous.
Highlights
On 11th of March 2020 the new coronavirus infection was declared a global pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO)
We included 16 studies – systematic reviews and meta-analyses published between May 2020 and November 2020 which focused on perinatal outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19
The number of pregnant women included in the studies was between 68 and 11,432, with a total number of 27,546
Summary
On 11th of March 2020 the new coronavirus infection was declared a global pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO). As of 15 November 2020, 53.7 million confirmed cases and 1.3 million deaths have been reported to WHO (1). There are about 210 million pregnancies annually with an estimated number of 170 million births (2). It is well known that the physiological changes that occur during pregnancy make the woman vulnerable to severe infections and the pregnant women have been considered a delicate group during the novel pandemic, as little information has been available, especially early in the pandemic. Data on maternal and neonatal outcomes of pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 are scarce, mainly limited to case reports, case series or reviews. Romanian JouRnal of infectious Diseases – Vol XXIV, No 1, YeaR 2021
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