Abstract
Purpose: Bracing, thoraco-lumbar-sacral orthosis (TLSO), has been accepted as mainstay of treatment for symptomatic spondylolysis (SP) and grade I spondylolisthesis (SPL1). However increasing costs and patient noncompliance can make bracing prohibitive and difficult to manage. The purpose of our study was to determine if SP and SPL1 can be effectively treated using physical therapy and other non-bracing conservative management techniques in order to relieve pain and restore physical function. Methods: We performed a …
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