Outcome of children with Japanese encephalitis and predictors of outcome in southwestern China

Abstract

We aimed to investigate the outcome of children with Japanese encephalitis (JE) and to examine the predictors of the outcome. We reviewed the medical records of children with laboratory-confirmed Japanese encephalitis hospitalized in Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University in 2010. At least six months after discharging from hospital, the outcome of patients was assessed with the Liverpool Outcome Score. We also examined the predictors of the outcome by using multiple logistic regression analysis. Of the 108 children with JE, 87 patients with full available information were included. Eight (9%) died in hospital or before follow-up. Six (7%) had severe sequelae greatly impairing their functions and likely to make them dependent. Nine (10%) had moderate sequelae mildly affecting their functions and probably compatible with independent living. Sixteen (18%) had minor sequelae with mild effects on function, personality change or on medication. Forty-eight (55%) demonstrated full recovery. A combination of ≧2 witnessed convulsions and abnormal breathing pattern predicted a poor outcome with 78% sensitivity and 98% specificity. Death and severe disability are common in children with JE. Seizures and abnormal breathing pattern may predict a poor outcome.