Outbreak of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus 1 in Taiwan.

Wei-Hao Lin,Chao-Nan Lin,Cheng-Yao Yang,Sheng-Yuan Wang,Kraijak Kaewprom,Ming-Tang Chiou,Chuen-Fu Lin

doi:10.3390/v12030316

Abstract

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) causes significant economic losses in the swine industry worldwide. The PRRS virus (PRRSV) can be divided into two species, PRRSV 1 (European) and PRRSV 2 (North American). In Taiwan, PRRSV 2 isolates are dominant and cause respiratory symptoms in nursing pigs. From October to November 2018, in a pig herd in central Taiwan, pregnant sows had abortions and stillbirths, and piglets suffered from respiratory disorders. Laboratory tests identified the presence of PRRSV 1 in serum from sows and suckling piglets in this scenario. The complete genome of the identified PRRSV 1 strain was genetically closely related to that of a European PRRSV vaccine strain (98.2%). This local European isolate is designated as PRRSV/NPUST-2789-3W-2/TW/2018 (NPUST2789). This report is the first to indicate an outbreak in Taiwan of a PRRSV 1 strain that shares a common evolutionary ancestor with the European PRRSV vaccine strain.

Highlights

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is one of the most economically devastating diseases facing the pork industry worldwide
PRRS virus (PRRSV) was reclassified to the genus Betaarterivirus and belongs to the family Arteriviridae within the order Nidovirales, which is divided into two species, Betaarterivirus suid 1 (PRRSV 1, European) and Betaarterivirus suid 2 (PRRSV 2, North American) [4]
We reported a genetic and phylogenetic analysis of the PRRSV 1 isolate, designated PRRSV/NPUST-2789-3W-2/TW/2018 (NPUST2789), which is genetically closely related to that of a European PRRSV vaccine strain

Summary

Introduction

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is one of the most economically devastating diseases facing the pork industry worldwide. The causative agent, the PRRS virus (PRRSV), was identified in the early 1990s [1,2]. A retrospective analysis revealed the presence of PRRSV antibodies in Canadian samples as early as 1979 [3]. PRRSV is an enveloped, positive-stranded RNA virus with a genome measuring approximately 15 kb. PRRSV was reclassified to the genus Betaarterivirus and belongs to the family Arteriviridae within the order Nidovirales, which is divided into two species, Betaarterivirus suid 1 (PRRSV 1, European) and Betaarterivirus suid 2 (PRRSV 2, North American) [4]. There is approximately 60% genomic sequence identity between the PRRSV 1 and PRRSV 2 strains [5,6,7]

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Conclusion