Outage of Cognitive Electric Vehicle Networks Over Mixed RF/VLC Channels With Signal-Dependent Noise and Imperfect CSI

Galymzhan Nauryzbayev,Khalid Qaraqe,Naofal Al-Dhahir,Mohamed Abdallah,Imran S Ansari

doi:10.1109/tvt.2020.2981871

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a novel jamming-robust communication technique for the outdoor cognitive EV-enabled network over mixed radio-frequency (RF)/visible light communication (VLC) channels with signal-dependent noise. One EV acts as a relaying node to allow an aggregator to reach the jammed EV and, at the same time, operates in both RF and VLC spectrum bands while satisfying interference constraints imposed by the primary network entities. We derive an exact closed-form analytical expression for the outage probability and also provide its asymptotic analysis while considering various channel state information quality scenarios. Finally, simulation results validate the accuracy of our analysis.

Highlights

T HE modern transportation infrastructure is noted to be a source of the harmful carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions that increase the global temperature, e.g., in the United States it was responsible for 27% of the entire greenhouse impact [1]
The (a) expression given by Eq (24) represents the case when the relay transmit power Pr is not constrained, i.e., the secondary communication does not harm the primary receiver (IP U → ∞). As it can be seen from the general expression of the approximated outage probability (OP), it depends on the quality of the channel state information (CSI) estimates and the maximum level of interference that primary user (PU) can tolerate
It is reasonable to assume that the LED and PIN PD comprising the secondary visible light communications (VLC) communication link are aligned along a line perpendicular to the LED and PIN PD planes

Summary

INTRODUCTION

T HE modern transportation infrastructure is noted to be a source of the harmful carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions that increase the global temperature, e.g., in the United States it was responsible for 27% of the entire greenhouse impact [1]. An illegitimate user can distort or jam the radio frequency (RF) signal by making it unrecognizable at the critical PG nodes and disable the operation of a large area through local load unbalancing [3] To overcome this issue, visible light communications (VLC) has been recognized as an alternative solution due to its electromagnetic immunity to the RF interference for possible applications in indoor and outdoor environments, e.g., intelligent transportation systems (ITSs) [5]–[7]. [10] investigates cooperative load balancing under hybrid RF/VLC systems and demonstrates that the performance, in terms of throughput and fairness, is highest for the hybrid RF/VLC systems, amongst the considered scenarios therein In contrast to these studies, in this paper, we consider the presence of the signal-dependent noise (SDN) term caused by the random nature of photon emissions in the diode [11]. The provided analysis is validated by Monte Carlo simulations

SYSTEM MODEL

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS

Asymptotic Analysis

DISCUSSION

Findings

CONCLUSION