Abstract
The Oslo peace process that the Rabin government embarked on with the PLO in 1993 was a watershed in Israeli foreign policy. It came about due to major changes in the international system as well as in the Middle East regional subsystem due to the end of the Cold War, the collapse of the Soviet Union, and the Gulf War. But these external changes, though necessary, were not sufficient to alter Israel’s long-standing policy of not negotiating with the PLO. I argue in this chapter that the critical event that enabled the Oslo peace process to occur was the election of a Labor-led government under Yitzhak Rabin in the 1992 election. Had Shamir and the Likud party remained in office, the Oslo Accords would never have been signed. Hence, in order to understand what brought about the Oslo peace process, it is necessary to investigate why Labor won the 1992 election.
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