Abstract
We characterize optical wave propagation along line defects in two-dimensional arrays of air-holes in free-standing silicon slabs. The fabricated waveguides contain random variations in orientation of the photonic lattice elements which perturb the in-plane translational symmetry. The vertical slab symmetry is also broken by a tilt of the etched sidewalls. We discuss how these lattice imperfections affect out-of-plane scattering losses and introduce a mechanism for high-Q cavity excitation related to polarization mixing.
Highlights
Two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PhCs) in dielectric slabs [1,2] have attracted considerable interest due to their ability to slow-down and confine light it in small spaces
Most of the work focused on in-plane disorder which breaks the periodicity of the 2D photonic lattice causing the optical waves propagating in intrinsically lossless photonic crystal waveguides (PhCWs) to scatter
In this article we investigate vertical scattering in disordered PhCWs composed of lines of voids in 2D photonic lattices in free-standing silicon slabs
Summary
Two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PhCs) in dielectric slabs [1,2] have attracted considerable interest due to their ability to slow-down and confine light it in small spaces. Interesting disorder-induced localization effects that affect wave propagation have been reported in this regime in coupled-resonator chains [20], disordered 1D lattices [21], and line-defect PhCWs [22,23]. The fabricated PhCs contain enhanced in-plane disorder created by random orientations of non-circular lattice elements, and their out-of-plane symmetry is perturbed by a sidewall tilt. We study how these structural asymmetries affect propagation of linearly polarized light through the dispersive waveguides. We introduce a mechanism based on polarization-mixing for coupling light into PhC-based resonators, demonstrating that TE-like high-Q nanocavities in vertically asymmetric PhCWs can be excited with TM-like guided modes
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