Ouabain and low extracellular potassium inhibit PTH secretion from bovine parathyroid cells by a mechanism that does not involve increases in the cytosolic calcium concentration

Abstract

We have previously found that high extracellular calcium (Ca ++) concentrations inhibit PTH release in association with a threefold to fourfold rise in cytosolic Ca ++ concentration. Recent data have also shown that low extracellular potassium (K +) concentration or ouabain also inhibits PTH release to an extent comparable to that seen with high Ca ++ and produce a marked rise in the intracellular sodium (Na +) content. These results suggested that low K + and ouabain might modulate PTH release through increases in cytosolic Ca ++ related to alterations in Na +-Ca ++-exchange. In the present studies, we have examined further the mechanism(s) by which inhibition of the Na +-K +-ATPase regulates PTH release. Exposure of cells loaded with the Ca ++-sensitive dye QUIN-2 to low K + produced a 10% to 17% increase in cytosolic Ca ++ at 0.5 to 1.0 mmol/L extracellular Ca ++, which was statistically significant only at 0.75 mmol/L Ca ++. In contrast, low K + caused a statistically significant decrease in cytosolic Ca ++ at 1.5 to 2 mmol/L Ca ++, while ouabain lowered cytosolic Ca ++ significantly by 23% to 46% at all Ca ++ concentrations examined (0.5 to 2 mmol/L). Low K + or ouabain had no effect on cellular levels of ATP or GTP or intracellular pH measured using the pH-sensitive dye BCECF [2′, 7′-bis (carboxyethyl)-5, 6-carboxyfluorescein]. The inhibition of secretion by low K + or ouabain, unlike that due to high extracellular Ca ++, was not reversed by TPA (12-0-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate), an activator of protein kinase C. Low K + did produce a modest (30% to 40%) lowering of agonist-stimulated but not basal cAMP content. Thus, changes in Na +-Ca ++-exchange and increases in cytosolic Ca ++ apparently play no role in the inhibition of PTH release by low K + or ouabain. We also found no evidence that these factors regulate secretion via changes in intracellular pH or protein kinase C activity. The inhibition of PTH release by agents inhibiting the Na +-K +-ATPase may be related to direct effects of changes in intracellular monovalent cations or to as yet undefined mechanisms.