Otras formas de demencia: demencia vascular, demencia con cuerpos de Lewy y demencia frontotemporal

Abstract

Vascular dementia is the second cause of dementia after Alzheimer's disease. It is a heterogeneous entity with highly variable symptoms based on the location of vascular damage and the type of vessel affected. It is classified as multi-infarct dementia, subcortical dementia, and strategic infarct dementia. Lewy body dementia is the second most common degenerative dementia and is characterized by cognitive impairment with parkinsonism that does not respond well to treatment, fluctuations in level of consciousness and cognition, hallucinations, and hypersensitivity to neuroleptics. Frontotemporal dementia is most common in those younger than 60 years. The behavioral variant is the most frequent and is characterized by inappropriate social behavior, lack of inhibition, personality disorder, apathy, and eating disorders. The second group comprises progressive primary aphasia which, in turn, has a nonfluent variant and a semantic variant. Lastly, included in the group of frontotemporal dementia is progressive supranuclear paralysis and corticobasal degeneration, given that together with parkinsonism, they tend to entail cognitive disorder in the behavioral variant or primary progressive aphasia.