Otonomi Daerah Dan Komunikasi Politik Perempuan: (Analisis Gramcian Kandidat Perempuan Parlemen Provinsi DKI Jakarta Tahun 2009)

Abstract

The research about the women parliament candidacy based on problems, theory, methodology and research analysis being utilized by the researcher aims at 1) unveiling affirmative action policy in accordance to the 2003 Public Election regulation (UU) and the 2008 political party regulation that are suitable policy along with efforts to enhance women representativeness in parliament within regional autonomy framework; 2) elaborating political party supports towards quota fulfillment process of 30 percent in line with the 2009 public election regulation; 3) describing and criticizing mass media roles in the process of the political communication of women candidates of DKI Jakarta Province in 2009; 4) discovering and exploring quality of the political communication of women candidates of DKI Jakarta Province 2009; 5) highlighting women efforts and struggles regarding the regulation of political quota and regional autonomy are so-called ‘counter hegemony’ movement. Paradigm used in the research is critical paradigm with Gramcsian analysis model. Theory and concept of this research are Antonio Gramcsi’s thoughts; hegemony-counter hegemony, political network alliance, political communication, radical feminism, mass media in the New Marxist perspective (Gramcsian) and regional autonomy concept. The research uses qualitative approach with case study method and feminist research as well as equipped by method of the Gramcsian-Marxist analysis. Results and discussion of the research argue that women have been undergoing marginalization both culturally and structurally in the political realm resulting in injustice of their representativeness in parliament. The notion becomes rooted in the social structure and system and has been going as a cultural system which is patriarchy system. The women altogether have to establish and belong to a solid network alliance to give pressure towards the government; those are in power and the state in order to transform conditions of women representativeness in parliament. They are therefore expected to have bargaining position that is balanced or even stronger with the state. The position is needed by women in that they can compete with men and create broader opportunity by which they achieve it by the release of the 2009 political party regulation and the running of the regional autonomy regulation. In the Gramcsi’s concept, the equality of bargaining position between women movement, represented as civil society and the state represented as political community highly likely produce conceptual/intellectual and practical clashes to establish new hegemony whose consequence is to prosper woman community and broader civil society as well as political community. In this phase, Gramcsi names it as ‘counter hegemony’ movement in which women can present themselves and bear new hegemony after winning the conceptual war against the old hegemony. The women’s struggles to run candidacy of The 2009 DKI regional election took a form of ‘counter hegemony’. The effort was undertaken so that the women can owe high bargaining position in politics that is influenced by the other power namely mass media. The need to supports of media industry is inevitable. Media industry, as institution having capital ideology, might highly possible be used by women movement/ the civil. In addition, women can take benefits from media to assist struggles of ‘counter hegemony’. As a consequence, the women’s struggles of counter hegemony are complicated to do due to partial and incomprehensive efforts. The women political candidates of DKI Jakarta possess resistant movement spirit or fighting movement to transform cultural values of patriarchy especially in politics. In this notion, it is evident that emancipation ideology is not effective to strengthen the movement unless it is as communal vision and mission from elements of struggles that can produce women great energy to achieve their goals. The energy is no other than ‘collective will’ considered as fighting ideology which is necessary therein fighting ideas of women have constant and significant energy. Keywords : regional autonomy, political communication, Gramcsian Analysis, women parliament candidacydki jakarta 2009)