Otic Capsule Demineralization and Hearing Outcome of Stapes Surgery for Osteogenesis Imperfecta in Comparison With Otosclerosis.

Abstract

To assess the location/number of otic capsule demineralization and hearing outcomes of stapes surgery (SS) for osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) compared with otosclerosis (OS). This study included 11 and 181 consecutive ears from 6 and 152 patients with OI and OS, respectively. Demineralization loci observed as hypodense area of the otic capsule were examined using high-resolution computed tomography. All patients underwent SS. Locations of the hypodense areas were classified into the anterior oval window, anterior internal auditory canal, and pericochlear area. The location/number of hypodense areas and preoperative/postoperative hearing parameters were correlated. Postoperative hearing outcome was evaluated 12 months after surgery. Hypodense area was more frequently observed in OI (9 of 11 ears [81.8%]) than in OS (96 of 181 ears [53.0%]), with significant differences. Multiple sites were involved in 81.8% OI and 18.8% OS patients, showing significant differences. Preoperative air conduction (AC), bone conduction, and air-bone gap (ABG) were 48.9 ± 17.8, 28.0 ± 11.3, and 20.7 ± 8.4 dB, respectively, in OI and 56.2 ± 13.5, 30.5 ± 9.9, and 26.4 ± 9.7 dB, respectively, in OS, demonstrating greater AC and ABG in OS than in OI. Postoperative AC (31.3 ± 20.5 dB), ABG (10.6 ± 10.0 dB), and closure of ABG (12.1 ± 4.7 dB), that is, preoperative ABG minus postoperative ABG of OI, were comparable to those of OS (AC, 30.9 ± 13.3 dB; ABG, 7.0 ± 7.4 dB; closure of ABG, 20.1 ± 11.6 dB). OI ears showed more severe demineralization of otic capsule than OS ears. However, favorable hearing outcomes could be obtained through SS for OI and OS ears.