Abstract

AbstractThis article describes the interactional patterns and linguistic structures associated with otherinitiated repair, as observed in a corpus of video-recorded conversation in the Lao language (a Southwestern Tai language spoken in Laos, Thailand, and Cambodia). The article reports findings specific to the Lao language from the comparative project that is the topic of this special issue. While the scope is general to the overall pattern of other-initiated repair as a set of practices and a system of semiotic resources, special attention is given to (1) the range of repair operations that are elicited by open other-initiators of repair in Lao, especially the subtle changes made when problem turns are repeated, and (2) the use of phrase-final particles—a characteristic feature of Lao grammar—in the marking of both other-initiations of repair and repair solution turns.

Highlights

  • The Lao languageDialects of Lao are spoken by approximately 20 million people in Laos, Northeast and Central Thailand, and Ratanakiri Province of northeast Cambodia

  • This article describes the interactional patterns and linguistic structures associated with otherinitiated repair, as observed in a corpus of video-recorded conversation in the Lao language

  • The corpus on which this work is based was constructed in accordance with a set of guidelines developed by and for the members of the comparative project being reported in this special issue

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Summary

The Lao language

Dialects of Lao are spoken by approximately 20 million people in Laos, Northeast and Central Thailand, and Ratanakiri Province of northeast Cambodia. For a comprehensive description of the language, and an overview of past literature, see Enfield (2007). Serial verb constructions are a productive resource for the expression of argument structure distinctions. Sentencefinal and phrase-final particles play an important role in distinguishing between different kinds of speech act, marking subtle sub-distinctions within basic sentence types including interrogative, declarative, and imperative. Various reduced forms of demonstratives signal distinctions in information structure of arguments and other clausal constituents. Little research has been done previously on social interaction in Lao, apart from a line of work carried out by the author, much of it summarized in Enfield (2013); of special relevance to this paper, see the overview of questions and responses in Lao conversation in Enfield (2010)

Data collection and corpus
Minimal OIR sequence
Non-minimal OIR sequence
B bòò1 mèèn1 bak2-lèè5 luuk4 qanø- qanø-nan4 vaa3
Formats for other-initiation of repair
Open formats
Interjection strategy
A jaa1 nang1 don3 dêj2 dee4
A bòò1 mii2 sùak4 vaa3
A qaw3 vaj4
A caw4 caang4 khon2 vaa3
B bòò1 naa3
A qee2
Question word strategy
10 A daj4 nangsùù3 hanø
Request subtype of restricted format
B khòòng2 ñang3
A sùak4 mat1 ñuung2
A qaaj3 phen1 nòq1
B tii3 phaj3
B laaw2 pên3 ñang3
A khuu2-baa3 lòòt5
B cak2
Offer subtype of restricted format
B tùùn1 laq1
A qee5
B haj5 ngen2 mèèn1 bòò3
B mùù4-nii4 vaa3
A hak2 lèèw4
A pên3 pòòp5
External subtype of restricted format
A caw4 naa5-caø thaaj1-huup4 qaw3 vaj4
B thaang2 khaang5 hanø tuaø
Morphosyntactic devices in OIR: the case of sentence-final particles
Particles that mark T0
B cak2 haa5 hèèng2 phun4 naø
A qiø-taa3 sofee4 kaø daj4 quum4 khùn5 paj3 theng2 hùan2
B bak2-kùm1 san4-bòq1
A qooj4 lêk2-tapuu3 man2 siø faj2 maj5 cak2 thùa1 lêk2
B san4 bòq2
A fùùn2 mèèw2 juu1 khaang5 ha- hùan2 laaw2 niø dêê4
A juu1 hanø lèq1
A thii1 vaa1 khacaw4 doot5 long2 hanø naa3
Actions
Conclusion

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