Abstract
The epidemiology of injuries is a significant factor in the structure of mortality and causes of hospitalization of elderly people. Epidemiologically, consequences of injury, i.e. their complications, from reduced mobility, sores, contractures, infections, all over to mortality from hypostatic pneumonia, are strongly emphasized in the elderly. In 2005, more than 17.0% of Croatian population were older than 65 years of age, and 27.0% of the population were over 60. Osteoporotic bone fractures are frequent among the elderly; 5,489 hip fracture cases were registered in Croatia during 2005, and 382 of them died from fracture complications. In total, 97.38% of the dead patients were over 65 years of age. Besides hip fractures, other typical osteoporotic fractures are fractures of vertebral bodies, distal part of the radius, humerus, pelvic bones, etc. Regardless of conservative or surgical treatment for osteoporotic fracture, it is essential to stress out that after the care of fractured bone has been provided, appropriate diagnostic examinations and pharmacological treatment of osteoporosis should also be done. Orthopedic and traumatic surgeons all over the world have to understand that conservative or surgical treatment of osteoporotic fracture of any localization is just one link in this complex chain of managing the disease - osteoporotic treatment.
Highlights
The epidemiology of injuries is a significant factor in the structure of mortality and causes
more than 17.0 % of Croatian population were older than 65 years of age
5,489 hip fracture cases were registered in Croatia
Summary
Marko PE]INA1, Tomislav SMOLJANOVI]1, Tatjana CICVARA-PE]INA2 i Spomenka TOMEK-ROKSANDI]3. U ljudi odmakleivotne dobi ~esti su osteoporoti~ni prijelomi kosti te je u Hrvatskoj 2005. Bitna je detekcija osteoporoti~nog prijeloma kralje{ka, jer je poznato da je i slu~ajno otkriven asimptomatski prijelom kralje{ka na|en na rutinskom rendgenogramu indikator za opasnost nastanka daljih prijeloma kraljeaka, koji se pojavljuju u takvih ljudi ~etiri puta ~e{}e nego u ostaloj populaciji isteivotne dobi [6]. Poseban problem gubitka ko{tane mase i nastanka osteoporoti~nog prijeloma kralje{ka su bolesnice lije~ene zbog karcinoma dojke [7], i to kako zbog gubitka kosti uzrokovanog lije~enjem raka (cancer treatmentinduced bone loss) tako i zbog pojave ko{tanih metastaza (tumor-induced osteolysis), ali taj problem izlazi iz okvira ovoga prikaza. Incidencija prijeloma proksimalnog humerusa, zdjelice, proksimalne tibije i distalnog femura tako|er je ~e{}a uena nego u mu{karaca, a svaki od navedenih prijeloma ima svoj poseban rizik nastanka, iako je svima svojstveno da nastaju nakon razmjerno male, tj. Poznavanje epidemiologije i patogeneze osteoporoti~nih prijeloma bitno je za njihovu prevenciju i lije~enje, ali prije toga treba ukratko spomenuti i mogu}nosti dijagnosticiranja osteoporoze
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