Abstract
BackgroundOsteopontin (OPN) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine which is expressed in various tissues. It participates in the bone remodeling process and stimulates bone resorption by osteoclasts. It is also a core protein of cholesterol gallstones. We hypothesized osteoporotic patients might have higher risk in developing gallstones and conducted a population-based study to examine the risk of developing gallstone in osteoporotic patients in Taiwan.MethodsA total of 1,638 patients diagnosed with osteoporosis between 2003 and 2005 were identified in the National Health Insurance Research Database. A comparison cohort without osteoporosis (n =6,552) was randomly matched to each osteoporosis patient at a ratio of 4: 1 based on age and sex. A Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis was performed to evaluate the 5-year gallstone-free survival rates for the 2 cohorts.ResultsDuring the 5-year follow-up period, 114 and 311 cases of gallstone occurred in the osteoporosis and comparison cohorts, respectively. After adjusting for the confounders, the Cox regression analysis of the risk of gallstone in the osteoporosis and comparison cohorts yielded a hazard ratio of 1.35 (95% confidence interval: 1.07 - 1.69; p < 0 .01).ConclusionPatients with osteoporosis in Taiwan have a higher risk of developing gallstone than the general population.
Highlights
Osteopontin (OPN) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine which is expressed in various tissues
Claims data are maintained in the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD), which is managed by the National Health Research Institutes (NHRI)
The Cox regression analysis showed that the crude hazard ratios (HRs) of gallstone was 1.50 times greater for the osteoporosis patients than that of the comparison cohort
Summary
Osteopontin (OPN) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine which is expressed in various tissues. It participates in the bone remodeling process and stimulates bone resorption by osteoclasts. It is a core protein of cholesterol gallstones. We hypothesized osteoporotic patients might have higher risk in developing gallstones and conducted a population-based study to examine the risk of developing gallstone in osteoporotic patients in Taiwan. Both osteoporosis and gallstone are diseases that affect elderly patients worldwide. Estrogen deficiency is associated with bone resorption. Environmental and genetic factors, including female sex [8,9], family medical history [10], age [11,12,13,14], and estrogen-replacement therapy [15], contribute to the development of gallstone
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