Abstract
Osteoporosis is a disorder characterized by decreased bone mass and skeletal fragility with increased fracture risk. Chronic kidney disease presents with wide range of bone metabolic disorders, including osteoporosis. Osteoporosis prevalence is high in early stages of CKD; whereas in late stages, it coexists with renal osteodystrophy. Risk factors for osteoporosis include advancing age, low bone mineral density (BMD), glucocorticoid therapy, smoking, alcohol intake, etc. The diagnosis of osteoporosis in renal disease is made after assessment of BMD, in addition to exclusion of chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD), eliciting history of prior fragility fractures and relevant laboratory investigations. The treatment of osteoporosis varies with the different stages of CKD, with management in stages 1-3 being similar to the general population. Special emphasis must be laid on prevention of fractures as well.
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