Abstract
BackgroundOsteoporosis is an important morbidity factor for ageing populations in developed countries. However, compared to the amount of information available on diabetes and cardiovascular disease, little is known about the direct impact of osteoporosis on general mortality in older age.MethodsWe obtained data from a prospective population-based cohort of pensioners from the SENIORLAB study who were subjectively healthy. The inclusion criteria were an age of at least 60 years and Swiss residence. We assessed and analysed clinical measures, voluntary reports, and laboratory values.ResultsIn total, 1467 subjects were included in the cohort. The mean follow-up time was 3.68 years (95% confidence interval, 3.64–3.71). The ages of the included participants ranged from 60 to 99 years. At follow-up, there were 1401 survivors, and 66 participants had died. According to the multivariate analysis (Cox regression), osteoporosis was the most important risk factor for all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 4.46; 95% confidence interval, 1.82–10.91), followed by diabetes (hazard ratio, 2.17; 95% confidence interval, 1.04–4.52) and hypertension (hazard ratio, 1.81; 95% confidence interval, 1.09–3.03).ConclusionsOsteoporosis is a major risk factor for all-cause mortality in a subjectively healthy senior population, followed by type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Osteoporosis should be more actively diagnosed in healthy pensioners before they develop osteoporosis-associated health incidents.Trial registrationThe present study was registered in the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number registry: ISRCTN53778569.
Highlights
Osteoporosis is an important morbidity factor for ageing populations in developed countries
Significant differences were found for weight, Body mass index (BMI), smoking status, type 2 diabetes, hypertension and osteoporosis
Study population: number of patients, mean values, standard deviation (STD), minimum (Min), maximum (Max), the difference will be the range, cerebrovascular disease (CVD) There are statistical differences between men and women in weight, BMI, Follow-up, Smokerstatus, Typ 2 diabetes, hypertension, osteoporosis No differences were detected in age, cerebrovascular disease, cancer and deaths (HR, 3.01; 95% Confidence interval (CI), 1.30–6.98; P = 0.01)
Summary
Osteoporosis is an important morbidity factor for ageing populations in developed countries. Compared to the amount of information available on diabetes and cardiovascular disease, little is known about the direct impact of osteoporosis on general mortality in older age. In Switzerland, the proportion of adolescents in relation to the total population fell from 40.7% in 1900 to 20.2% in 2014 and was accompanied by a rise in the proportion of pensioners (aged over 64 years) from 5.8% (1900) to 17.8% (2014) This rate is expected to increase to 26% by 2045 [1]. That investigation did not include osteoporosis, which is generally considered an important factor in morbidity and mortality in older adults [4, 5]. That study did not compare the risk of mortality from osteoporosis with other risk factors with respect to general health status [6]. Other studies have reported slightly higher (between 1.2 and 1.5) relative risks of mortality associated with an osteoporosis diagnosis [7,8,9], with the exception of one study from Japan that showed a higher mortality risk [10]
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