Osteogenic Properties of Novel Methylsulfonylmethane-Coated Hydroxyapatite Scaffold.

Jeong-Hyun Ryu,Kwang-Mahn Kim,Hyunjung Shin,Tae-Yun Kang,Min-Ho Hong,Jae-Sung Kwon

doi:10.3390/ijms21228501

Abstract

Despite numerous advantages of using porous hydroxyapatite (HAp) scaffolds in bone regeneration, the material is limited in terms of osteoinduction. In this study, the porous scaffold made from nanosized HAp was coated with different concentrations of osteoinductive aqueous methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) solution (2.5, 5, 10, and 20%) and the corresponding MH scaffolds were referred to as MH2.5, MH5, MH10, and MH20, respectively. The results showed that all MH scaffolds resulted in burst release of MSM for up to 7 d. Cellular experiments were conducted using MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast cells, which showed no significant difference between the MH2.5 scaffold and the control with respect to the rate of cell proliferation (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference between each group at day 4 for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, though the MH2.5 group showed higher level of activity than other groups at day 10. Calcium deposition, using alizarin red staining, showed that cell mineralization was significantly higher in the MH2.5 scaffold than that in the HAp scaffold (p < 0.0001). This study indicated that the MH2.5 scaffold has potential for both osteoinduction and osteoconduction in bone regeneration.

Highlights

The regeneration of tissue in large bone defects requiring oral, craniofacial, or orthopedic surgery is limited and remains a substantial therapeutic challenge [1]
Here, we successfully coated the HAp scaffold with MSM using the dip-coating method, which demonstrated an adequate level of biocompatibility and osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation linked to potential hard tissue regeneration
We successfully coated the HAp scaffold with MSM using the dip-coating method, which demonstrated an adequate level of biocompatibility and osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation linked to potential hard tissue regeneration

Summary

Introduction

The regeneration of tissue in large bone defects requiring oral, craniofacial, or orthopedic surgery is limited and remains a substantial therapeutic challenge [1]. The use of autologous bone grafts for bone regeneration has been the gold standard, given its strong osteogenic potential [2]. The supply of autologous bones to patients with damaged bones is limited [3]. The development of bone substitute materials, such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), β-tricalcium phosphate, and biphasic calcium phosphate, for bone regeneration has been proven to be efficient [4]. Hydroxyapatite has good biocompatibility and osteoconduction ability as an artificial bone substitute material [7,8]. Despite its excellent osteoconductive properties, HAp has limited application owing to weak osteoinduction [10,11]

Results

Discussion

Conclusion