Abstract
Aim. To evaluate the osteogenic potential of chalcones using the rat critical size calvarial defect. Methods. The chalcones were synthesized from acetophenone following the Claisen-Schmidt aldol condensation method by varying the substituted benzaldehydes (3,4-Cl; 4-Cl; 4-CH3; 4-OCH3, H). The five chalcone molecules were evaluated in three concentrations (1%, 5% and 10%) in comparison to control and vehicle (Vaseline) groups. The results of the remaining wound areas were calculated statistically by the ANOVA method followed by the Student - Newman - Keuls test and the histological sections were analyzed qualitatively in by light microscopy. Results. All molecules at 10% concentration showed significant bone closure compared to the control, vehicle and chalcone groups at 1% concentration (p<0.01). Active osteoblasts were observed on the repair surfaces in all groups treated with chalcones. Treatment with the C5 molecule at concentration of 10% resulted in greater bone neoformation compared to the other molecules, with features of secondary bone observed. Conclusion. The chalcones evidenced a dose-dependent osteogenic potential and C5 was more effective in bone repair.
Highlights
Bones are tough and rigid structures that, despite their inert appearance, grow, remold, and remain active throughout the life of organisms
The groups treated with CH3 1-phenyl-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-one (C4) and C5 molecules at 1% concentration showed significant differences compared to the control group (p
At 5% concentration, the C1 and C2 chalcones showed a significant increase in bone wound closure compared to the control group (p
Summary
Bones are tough and rigid structures that, despite their inert appearance, grow, remold, and remain active throughout the life of organisms. Most of the fractures do not present problems of consolidation, there are situations in which the repair process may be accelerated, ensuring a faster return of musculoskeletal function.[1] Despite the great regenerative potential of bone tissue, in some cases the wound can be filled by fibrous connective tissue and the repair may be inadequate.[2,3] Bone reconstructions are frequent in the routine of oral and maxillofacial surgeries, and may be indicated in face traumas, pathologies and orthognathic surgeries.[4] some mechanisms used in the treatment of bone defects correspond to autologous, allogeneic or xenotransplantation transplants These methods require strict control associated to the transmission of infectious agents.[5,6] Further, within a variety of bioactive factors, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been widely studied and show satisfactory results regarding osteogenesis in tissue engineering areas. Osteogenic potential of different chalcones in an in vivo model: A preliminary study
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