Osteogenic impact of football training in 55- to 70-year-old women and men with prediabetes.

May‐Britt Skoradal,Pál Weihe,Jann Mortensen,Magni Mohr,Peter Krustrup,Niklas R Jørgensen,Eva Wulff Helge

doi:10.1111/sms.13252

Abstract

The effects of football training on bone health were examined in 55- to 70-year-old sedentary women and men with prediabetes. Patients (n=50) with prediabetes (age; 61±9years, BMI 29.7±0.6kg/m2 , body fat content; 37±1%, VO2max ; 22.7±0.8mL/min/kg and mean arterial pressure; 104±3mmHg) were randomized into a football training group (FTG; n=27, 14 women) and a control group (CON; n=23, 11 women). At baseline, 73% and 24% were diagnosed with femur osteopenia and osteoporosis, respectively. FTG performed football training twice weekly 30-60-minute sessions in 16weeks, and both FTG and CON received professional dietary advice. Pre- and post-intervention whole-body and regional bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) were determined with DXA-scans, and venous blood samples were drawn and analyzed for plasma bone turnover markers. Change scores were greater (P<0.05) in FTG compared to CON in leg BMD (0.023±0.005 vs -0.004±0.001g/cm2 ) and in leg BMC (32±8 vs -4±6g). Between-group changes in favor of FTG (P<0.05) also occurred in the femur neck BMD (3.2%) and femur shaft BMD (2.5%). Whole-body BMC and BMD were unchanged in both groups during the intervention. In FTG, resting plasma osteocalcin, P1NP, and CTX-1 rose (P<0.05) by 23±8, 52±9 and 38±7%, with greater change scores (P<0.05) than in CON. Finally, P1NP (formation)/CTX-1 (resorption) ratio increased (P<0.05) in FTG (127±15 vs 150±11) from pre- to post-intervention, with no change in CON (124±12 and 123±12). In conclusion, football training provides a powerful osteogenic stimulus and improves bone health in 55- to 70-year-old women and men diagnosed with prediabetes.

Highlights

Bone health is deteriorating progressively with increasing age in both genders resulting in an elevated risk of developing osteoporosis and osteopenia
The present study is the first randomized controlled design (RCT) to investigate the osteogenic effect of recreational football training in female and male patients with prediabetes
The participants in this study had poor bone health having an average T-score of −1.6 in the femoral neck at baseline and with three of four suffering from osteoporosis or osteopenia in the femur bone (Table 1)

Summary

Funding information

Faroese Research Council; Faroese Football Association; Faroese Diabetes Organisation. The effects of football training on bone health were examined in 55-to 70-year-o ld sedentary women and men with prediabetes. Change scores were greater (P < 0.05) in FTG compared to CON in leg BMD (0.023 ± 0.005 vs −0.004 ± 0.001 g/cm2) and in leg BMC (32 ± 8 vs −4 ± 6 g). In FTG, resting plasma osteocalcin, P1NP, and CTX-1 rose (P < 0.05) by 23 ± 8, 52 ± 9 and 38 ± 7%, with greater change scores (P < 0.05) than in CON. P1NP (formation)/CTX-1 (resorption) ratio increased (P < 0.05) in FTG (127 ± 15 vs 150 ± 11) from pre-to post- intervention, with no change in CON (124 ± 12 and 123 ± 12). Football training provides a powerful osteogenic stimulus and improves bone health in 55- to 70-year-old women and men diagnosed with prediabetes.

| INTRODUCTION

| Participants

| RESULTS

Findings

| DISCUSSION