Osteogenic differentiation of canine adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells on B‐TCP and B‐TCP/Collagen biomaterials

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells are adult stem cells that can differentiate into osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic and myogenic lineages. In orthopedics and traumatology, mesenchymal stem cells, combined with biomaterials, are used mainly for treating bone fractures and diseases in humans and animals. This study aims to promote the growth, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells isolated from the adipose tissue of canines on B‐TCP (Beta‐tricalcium phosphate) and B‐TCP/Collagen biomaterials. MTT analysis was performed to test the cell adhesion and proliferation on B‐TCP and B‐TCP/Collagen biomaterials used to mimic the extracellular matrix of three‐dimensional bone tissue. Scanning electron microscope analysis was performed to show general surface characters of BTCP and B‐TCP /Collagen biomaterials. The osteoinductive capacities of the BTCP and B‐TCP/Collagen biomaterials were determined by alkaline phosphatase and Von Kossa stainings, and RT‐PCR analysis. The ALP activity of the B‐TCP/Col containing material was significantly higher than the B‐TCP in the early days. In terms of gene expression, there were no significant differences except 14thday SPARC gene expression. The results of Von Kossa staining indicated that BTCP/ Col has above the desired level degradation capacity. As a result of this research, although it is advantageous in terms of alkaline phosphatase activity and osteogenic gene expression compared to B‐TCP material, it is thought that B‐TCP/Collagen biomaterial should be developed for use in bone tissue engineering due to its high degradation property.