Abstract
Nanotopographical cues on Ti have been shown to elicit different cell responses such as cell differentiation and selective growth. Bone remodelling is a constant process requiring specific cues for optimal bone growth and implant fixation. Moreover, biofilm formation and the resulting infection on surgical implants is a major issue. Our aim is to identify nanopatterns on Ti surfaces that would be optimal for both bone remodelling and for reducing risk of bacterial infection. Primary human osteoblast/osteoclast co-cultures were seeded onto Ti substrates with TiO2 nanowires grown under alkaline conditions at 240 °C for different times (2, 2.5 or 3 h). Cell growth and behaviour was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), immunofluorescence microscopy, histochemistry and quantitative RT-PCR methods. Bacterial colonisation of the nanowire surfaces was also assessed by confocal microscopy and SEM. From the three surfaces tested the 2 h nanowire surface supported osteoblast and to a lesser extent osteoclast growth and differentiation. At the same time bacterial viability was reduced. Hence the 2 h surface provided optimal bone remodeling in vitro conditions while reducing infection risk, making it a favourable candidate for future implant surfaces.
Highlights
Nanotopographical cues on Ti have been shown to elicit different cell responses such as cell differentiation and selective growth
Further studies reported the use of porcine co-cultures of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and bone marrow haematopoetic cells (BMHCs)[16], or of human co-cultures of BMSC and CD34 +BMHC17 or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and PBMCs18
We recently developed a methodology to allow mesenchymal bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC)/bone marrow haematopoetic cell (BMHC) co-cultures that could form mature osteoblasts and osteoclasts in culture in response to materials[19,20]
Summary
Nanotopographical cues on Ti have been shown to elicit different cell responses such as cell differentiation and selective growth. Most studies remain focussed on differentiation of bone forming cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or osteoblasts on biomaterial surfaces. The first response factors are macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) that induce osteoclastogenesis by fusion of macrophages[9,10,11] This is followed by the expression of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), cathepsin K and osteoclast associated receptor (OSCAR) from the newly formed osteoclasts. We recently developed a methodology to allow mesenchymal bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC)/bone marrow haematopoetic cell (BMHC) co-cultures that could form mature osteoblasts and osteoclasts in culture in response to materials[19,20]. A more ideal in vitro test for candidate materials would focus both on understanding osteoblast/osteoclast growth and differentiation and would understand if surfaces are resistant to infection
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
