Abstract
Bone graft material should possess sufficient porosity and permeability to allow integration with native tissue and vascular invasion, and must satisfy oxygen and nutrient transport demands. In this study, we have examined the use of three-dimensional (3D)-printed polycaprolactone/tricalcium phosphate (PCL/TCP) composite material in bone grafting, to estimate the scope of its potential application in bone surgery. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) are known to enhance osteointegration. We hypothesized that a patient-specific 3D-printed solid scaffold could help preserve seeded ADSCs and BMSCs and enhance osteointegration. Diffuse osteogenic tissue formation was observed by micro-computed tomography with both stem cell types, and the ADSC group displayed similar osteogenesis compared to the BMSC group. In histological assessment, the scaffold pores showed abundant ossification in both groups. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed that the BMSC group had higher expression of genes associated with ossification, and this was confirmed by Western blot analysis. The ADSC- and BMSC-seeded 3D-printed PCL/TCP scaffolds displayed promising enhancement of osteogenesis in a dog model of maxillary bone defects.
Highlights
Introduction3D printing has revolutionized a variety of manufacturing technologies, as well as tissue engineering and regenerative medicine [1]
3D printing technology can be used to visualize the applied in various medical fields
3D printing technology can be used to visualize the complex deformities of congenital cardiovascular anomalies, to map intricate blood vessels during complex deformities of congenital cardiovascular anomalies, to map intricate blood vessels during renal cancer surgery, and allow the development of approaches to intracranial tumor neurosurgery
Summary
3D printing has revolutionized a variety of manufacturing technologies, as well as tissue engineering and regenerative medicine [1]. Tissue engineering is an important medical technology that combines biological and engineering techniques for the restoration of damaged or missing tissues or organs. Materials used to construct scaffolds for tissue engineering should have biocompatibility and biodegradability, and mechanical properties that can be supported in the body. An artificial scaffold prepared according to the characteristics of the transplantation site should allow differentiation and proliferation of cells attached to the pore [3,4,5,6]. The production of scaffolds using various materials has been an area of active study in tissue engineering
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
