Osteogenesis Imperfecta Type I-IV, the Collagenous Disorder of Connective Tissue in Czech Population

Abstract

Background: Osteogenesis imperfecta is an inherited disorder particularily of a human connective tissue. It is a worldwide extensive disorder regardless of age, gender or ethnic group. At present the disease includes nine clinically different types. Typical clinical features are brittle bones, high frequency of fractures and bone deformities. The other observed signs are blue sclera, dentinogenesis imperfect and otosclerosis. The first four types of the disease arise from mutations in collagen type I genes, composed from COL1A1 and COL1A2 chains. A result of these mutations is the production of shortened or structurally defective protein. Individuals affected by OI forms V to IX have mutations in proteins encoded by following genes: CRTAP, LEPRE1, PPIB, FKBP10. Collagenous types of the illness exhibit a broad range of severity depending on type and mutation localization in the structure of the collagen type I. Objectives and Methods: The aim of this study is the description of the clinical forms of the disease, identifying mutations and polymorphisms of genes of the collagen type I by a molecular genetic analysis of genomic DNA of Czech OI patients. Results: Currently in the Czech population there are described mutations and polymorphisms only of MLBR2 region, namely exons 31, 33 and 36 and introns 32 and 39, of the COL1A1 gene of 25 OI patients. Conclusion: It is important to perform a further molecular genetic analysis of both collagen type I genes for the detection of the widest possible mutational spectrum for determination of possible genotype phenotype relationship of affected individuals.