Osteoarticular protection of Zea mays L. purple variety (purple corn) in experimental arthritis in rats

Abstract

To evaluate the protective effect of Zea mays L., purple variety (purple corn) against inflammatory response and osteoarticular damage in rats with experimental arthritis. Sixty-five Holtzman rats were used, assigned to seven groups: G1 (n=5): control; G2 (n=10): pristane (PIA) + distilled water; G3 (n=10): PIA + methotrexate 0.1 mg/kg; G4 (n=10): PIA + indomethacin 0.6 mg/kg; G5 (n=10): PIA + Zea mays 100 mg/kg; G6 (n=10): PIA + Zea mays 1000 mg/kg, and G7 (n=10): PIA + methotrexate 0.1 mg/kg + Zea mays 1000 mg/kg. Treatments were administered by orogastric cannula daily for 21 days; pristane was administered subdermal only on day 1. Volume of hind leg was recorded with a digital plethysmometer. The radiological analysis of the legs was evaluated according to the modified Clark criteria. The percentage of inflammation at the end of the experiment was: (G1) 1.50 ± 0.5; (G2) 13.73 ± 8.4; (G3) 14.76 ± 8.8; (G4) 14.22 ± 9.0; (G5) 10.81 ± 9.1; (G6) 5.31 ± 1.4; (G7) 6.38 ± 0.5. The radiological scores of the affected areas were: (G1) 0.6; (G2) 3.5; (G3) 0.6; (G4) 1.7; (G5) 1.9; (G6) 1.4; (G7) 1.0. Only the groups Zea mays L. 1000 mg/kg and methotrexate + Zea mays L. 1000 mg/kg showed a significantly lower inflammatory response (p<0.05) and showed significantly lower joint scores in relation to PIA. Zea mays L. (purple corn) reduces the inflammatory process and radiological modifications of PIA-induced arthritis in rats in a dose-dependent manner.