Abstract
Regeneration of large jaw bone defects still remains a clinical challenge. To avoid incomplete bone repair, bone grafts have been advocated to support the healing process. This study comparatively evaluated new bone formation among a synthetic graft substitute, a human bone derivative, and a bovine xenograft. Materials were placed in 3 out of the 4 bone cavities, while 1 deficit was left empty, serving as a control, in mono-cortical defects, surgically prepared in the porcine calvaria bone. Animals were randomized in 2 groups and euthanized at 8 and 12 weeks. Harvested tissue specimens were qualitatively evaluated by histology. New bone formation was quantitatively measured by histomorphometry. Maximum new bone formation was noticed in defects grafted with beta-tricalcium phosphate b-TCP compared to the other bone substitutes, at 8 and 12 weeks post-surgery. Bovine and human allograft induced less new bone formation compared to empty bone cavity. Histologic analysis revealed that b-TCP was absorbed and substituted significantly, while bovine and human allograft was maintained almost intact in close proximity with new bone. Based on our findings, higher new bone formation was detected in defects filled with b-TCP when compared to bovine and human graft substitutes.
Highlights
Regeneration of jaw bone deficits caused by accidents, surgery, congenital abnormalities, periodontal inflammation, and jaw atrophy still remains a clinical challenge [1].To avoid the unfavorable outcome of incomplete bone repair, bone grafts have been advocated to support the healing process.In general, the ideal grafting material should be fully replaced by high quality host bone, exhibiting synchronized degradation rate in relation to new bone development for complete regeneration [2].Dent
After debridement of the soft tissues, it was interesting that the areas of the bone defects appeared macroscopically similar, fulfilled with bone, exhibiting only few residual deficits
Were characterized by a more pronounced bone formation compared to other grafts in both 8 and 12 weeks post-surgery. These results seem to be in agreement with many other research protocols that described optimum bone regeneration in alloplastic bone substitutes containing beta-tricalcium phosphate (b-TCP)
Summary
Regeneration of jaw bone deficits caused by accidents (traffic, occupational, sports, or shooting accidents), surgery (removal of benign lesions, malignant neoplasms, tooth extraction), congenital abnormalities (clefts or visceral skull bones hypoplasia), periodontal inflammation, and jaw atrophy (advanced age, systemic disease) still remains a clinical challenge [1].To avoid the unfavorable outcome of incomplete bone repair, bone grafts have been advocated to support the healing process.In general, the ideal grafting material should be fully replaced by high quality host bone, exhibiting synchronized degradation rate in relation to new bone development for complete regeneration [2].Dent. Regeneration of jaw bone deficits caused by accidents (traffic, occupational, sports, or shooting accidents), surgery (removal of benign lesions, malignant neoplasms, tooth extraction), congenital abnormalities (clefts or visceral skull bones hypoplasia), periodontal inflammation, and jaw atrophy (advanced age, systemic disease) still remains a clinical challenge [1]. To avoid the unfavorable outcome of incomplete bone repair, bone grafts have been advocated to support the healing process. The ideal grafting material should be fully replaced by high quality host bone, exhibiting synchronized degradation rate in relation to new bone development for complete regeneration [2].
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