Osseous and Myogenic Tumors of the Choroid

Abstract

Myogenic and osseous tumors of the choroid are extremely rare clinical manifestations. The most common osseous choroidal tumor is choroidal osteoma, and the most common myogenic choroidal tumor is choroidal leiomyoma. Other common osseous lesions are listed as sclerochoroidal calcification and ossified choroidal hemangioma. It is of great importance to distinguish these lesions from malignant tumors, especially malignant melanoma. Multimodal imaging methods and tissue diagnosis with biopsy and immunohistochemical markers in myogenic tumors have an important place in the diagnosis. Although it is known that these lesions are systemically benign, they can threaten vision as a result of local mass effect and complications. Since some osseous tumors may accompany systemic metabolic disorders, systemic screening should be performed in necessary cases. Although rare, metastatic choroidal leiomyosarcoma cases have been described. In this case, it is important to diagnose the tumor quickly and accurately with a good anamnesis and tissue diagnosis, and to plan the appropriate treatment considering the sensitivity of the primary tumor.