Abstract
Osseointegration of titanium implant is important for the success of both dental and medical implants. Previous studies have attempted to improve osseointegration by considering the use of plasma jet technology, where information with animal models and parameters related to osseointegration is still lacking. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma jet (NTAPPJ) treatment on titanium implants in terms of osseointegration in mongrel dogs. A total of 41 implants; 21 NTAPPJ treated and 20 control, were placed in the maxilla and mandible of six mongrel dogs for either 4 or 8 weeks. The bone volume (BV) and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) ratio were determined by region of interest (ROI). Statistical analysis was performed with the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. The NTAPPJ group at 4 weeks showed higher numbers in both BV and BIC (p < 0.05) compared to the control group. However, at 8 weeks there were less significant differences between the control or experimental group as the control group had caught up with the experimental group. Hence, NTAPPJ may be an effective treatment for the initial healing period which is critical to ensure reliable long-term predictability. The BV and BIC have been clinically proven to accelerate in the initial stages with the use of NTAPPJ to aid in the healing and initial stability of implants.
Highlights
Titanium alloys are commonly used as implant material due to their superior mechanical property and biocompatibility [1]
The bone volume (BV) and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) have been clinically proven to accelerate in the initial stages with the use of non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma jet (NTAPPJ) to aid in the healing and initial stability of implants
This study investigated new bone generation by measuring bone volume (BV) around the implant in three dimensions; using these results to determine whether the NTAPPJ treatment on an SA surface implant can improve osseointegration in dogs during different healing periods
Summary
Titanium alloys are commonly used as implant material due to their superior mechanical property and biocompatibility [1]. Clinical success being critically dependent on osseointegration between the titanium implant and the living bone, various surface treatments are currently under development to ensure and strengthen the initial functional connection between the implant and the living bone [2]. Osseointegration has been defined as a direct and functional connection between bone and an artificial implant [3]. Several studies have shown that these methods yield better bone-to-implant contact (BIC) than do machined implant surfaces [6,7,8]. It is difficult to exceed a BIC of 50%, far from the ideal 100% [9,10]
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