Osseointegration Effect of Micro-Nano Implants Loaded With Kaempferol in Osteoporotic Rats.

Anyue Wang,Wenhong Yuan,Yanling Yu,Yanjun Zang,Yu Song

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2022.842014

Anyue Wang, Wenhong Yuan + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2022.842014

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Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effect of osseointegration of kaempferol loaded on the surface of micro-nanomorphic implants in ovariectomized rats. Methods: Titanium flakes were polished to obtain the PT group, anodized and acid-etched to obtain the NT and WNT groups, loaded with kaempferol to obtain the KNT and KWNT groups, and spin-coated on chitosan-gelatin composite film to obtain the KNT-CG and KWNT-CG groups. In vitro experiments were performed to observe the physicochemical properties of the titanium tablets in each group through scanning electron microscopy and contact angle experiments. The cytotoxicity and drug release pattern were observed using CCK-8 and drug release assays. An osteoporosis rat model was established. Pure titanium implants were divided into PT, NT, WNT, KNT-CG, and KWNT-CG groups after the same treatment and used in the in vivo experiments and then implanted in the femur of mice in each group. After 4 weeks, all samples were collected for toluidine blue staining, micro-computed tomography scanning, and bone morphometry analysis to evaluate their osteogenic properties. Results: According to scanning electron microscopy, the surface of the titanium flakes had a micro-nano morphology in the WNT group and the KNT and KWNT groups were functionally loaded with kaempferol. In CCK-8 and drug release experiments, the loaded kaempferol and gelatin composite membranes showed no significant toxic effects on cells. The drug release time in the KNT-CG and KWNT-CG groups was significantly longer than that in the KNT and KWNT groups, with the release time in the KWNT-CG group reaching 15 days. In vivo experiments micro-computed tomography and bone morphometry analysis showed that the osteoporosis model had been successfully constructed. The bone volume fraction around the implant increased. Toluidine blue staining showed new bone formation and a significantly increased number of bone trabeculae. Conclusion: Kaempferol micro-nanocomposite coating improved the osseointegration ability of implants in osteoporotic rats.

Highlights

Osteoporosis (OP) is divided into two major categories: primary and secondary
According to scanning electron microscopy, the surface of the titanium flakes had a micro-nano morphology in the WNT group and the KNT and KWNT groups were functionally loaded with kaempferol
In order to improve the success rate of implant surgery in patients with osteoporosis, the following methods are currently used for treatment: bone extrusion technique, systemic drug treatment and implant surface treatment

Summary

Introduction

Osteoporosis (OP) is divided into two major categories: primary and secondary. Postmenopausal OP in women is the most common form of primary OP. In the case of OP, the clinical presentation is often characterized by alveolar ridge resorption and reduced alveolar bone density due to lower local and overall bone density This results in a prolonged bone healing time after implant placement as well as a decreased osseointegration rate and a lower initial stability of the implant. Javanbakht et al demonstrated the sustained release function of gelatin and its high stability for long-term drug delivery through in vivo drug tests, the results of cytotoxicity experiments showed that it has low toxicity to cells. This experiment proposes to load both on the material surface (Javanbakht et al, 2019)

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