Abstract
The First Sheikh-al Islam Slaughtered in Ottoman Empire Ahizâde Huseyin Efendi: His Life, Personality, Career, Politic Aktivities And Murdered As there was in other Turkish-Islamic states for the solution of the religious matters in Ottoman Empire, muftis were employed and gradually the head-mufti who was in the capital city was called as Sheikh al-Islam. The Institutiaon of Sheikh al- Islam has had a very important function for both Ottoman Empire and social life, which are mostly dominated by religious norms; religious and political fields and administrative issues. Also in this context, it has become the most remarkable figure of administration and social life. However, in the 17th century, the detoriation of Ilmiye organizatiaon had a negative impact over the institutiaon of Sheikh al-Islam; the Sheikh al-Islams got out of their aim of foundation by intervening in politics, therefore they caused the degeneration of the institution. Islamic Law gave the president the authority to rule the death penalty. The Ottoman sultans used their power highly as based on their savings of customs and applied to the fatwas of the scholars. The sultans had many reasons over the politically slay; this includes especially the political crimes. The attempts of dethrone and to question the legitimacy of the sultan of the Ottoman Empire who is the absolute ruler of the state are the clear causes of ‘politically-slay’. It is clear to see that the victim Sheikh al-Islams were killed as a result of such a venture. In the Ottoman Empire, there are three Sheikh al-Islams who were killed with order of the Sultans. Ahizade Huseyin Efendi was executed in 1634. In this article, the life of Ahizâde Huseyin Efendi, his personality, his career, his politicaly activities and his murdered were analyzed.
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