Osmanlı Ahşap Kapı ve Pencere Kanatlarındaki Kompozisyonlar ve Altın Üçgenler

Abstract

Wood materials have been used widely in architectural structures due to both durability and its convenience in processing. Many door and window leaves, minbar and preaching platforms from the Anatolian Seljuk and Ottoman periods have reached the present day. Although the use of marble material in the minbar was observed in the Ottomans since the classical period, wood materials have always been preferred in the leaves of the doors and windows. The use of pentagonal-decagonal composition; which is seen in the leaves of the doors of the Anatolian Seljuks Konya Beyhekim Mosque (The last quarter of the 13th century) and in stone decorations of some structures, became widespread in the Principalities period, and using these composition became common with the enrichment of the shapes of wooden pieces in the classical period of the Ottoman Empire and in most of the leaves, this composition was preferred. In the study, we will focus on the reasons and origin of the preference of pentagonal-decagonal compositions in the middle panels of the leaves of the doors and windows of the Ottoman period and on the development line extending to the Anatolian Seljuk period. Similarly, the use of these compositions in the lower panels of the leaves and in some preaching rostra has been studied. It was observed that these compositions were given within a rectangle arranged on 72º axis on the door and window leaves, and rectangles on the 36º axis were preferred in preaching rostra. Triangles with these two angles are referred to as golden triangles.