Abstract
Within this generation society has become more aware of risks inherent in technological development. The historic contributions to safety by voluntary consensus standards are evolving into uniform legislated standards, thus extending these gains to more workers than before. The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) of 1970 was an extraordinarily large, but natural, step in social legislation. It is intended to raise occupational health and safety standards beyond the level achieved under the stimulus of insurance and accident cost penalties. The main thrust of this Act was avoidance of death and serious harm. Despite any misgivings one might have about the bureaucratic process, this Act has built-in provisions for review and appeal which address the relevance of citations to risk. It may be fairly concluded that the adminstration of OSHA has, so far, been concerned with real risk; this conclusion requires some detachment from pettifogging. However, OSHA alone will not produce the level of safety within the reach of enlightened management. Classical safety programs—inspections, training, procedural controls—and strong management interest are still required.
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