Abstract
Oscillatory flow reactors (OFRs) superimpose an oscillatory flow to the net movement through a flow reactor. OFRs have been engineered to enable improved mixing, excellent heat- and mass transfer and good plug flow character under a broad range of operating conditions. Such features render these reactors appealing, since they are suitable for reactions that require long residence times, improved mass transfer (such as in biphasic liquid-liquid systems) or to homogeneously suspend solid particles. Various OFR configurations, offering specific features, have been developed over the past two decades, with significant progress still being made. This review outlines the principles and recent advances in OFR technology and overviews the synthetic applications of OFRs for liquid-liquid and solid-liquid biphasic systems.
Highlights
Continuous flow technology has attracted the attention of chemists in recent years, in scaling up hazardous chemistries, photochemistry, electrochemistry and many others [1,2,3,4]
One promising development in reactor technology is that of oscillatory flow reactors (OFRs), whereby a symmetrical oscillation is superimposed to the net flow through the reactor
A range of Re0 values was measured for solidliquid plug flow and it was shown that the difference in axial dispersion experienced by solids and liquids is less pronounced at higher oscillation frequency
Summary
Continuous flow technology has attracted the attention of chemists in recent years, in scaling up hazardous chemistries, photochemistry, electrochemistry and many others [1,2,3,4]. A range of Re0 values was measured for solidliquid plug flow and it was shown that the difference in axial dispersion experienced by solids and liquids is less pronounced at higher oscillation frequency From all of these studies, it appears that a compromise between efficient particle suspension and narrow RTD (minimal axial dispersion) has to be found during the optimization of heterogeneous reactions in OFRs. Studies of solid-liquid chemical reactions in oscillatory batch reactors first appeared around 20 years ago, where stable suspensions of TiO2 particles were achieved for the photochemical oxidation of methylene blue and salicylic acid [114,115,116]. Decreasing the particle size by wet milling overcame this issue, allowing stable processing, with a high productivity of 51 (0.87 g h−1)
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