Abstract

The world population is growing rapidly, and food shortage remains a critical issue. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping is a statistical analytical method that uses both phenotypic and genotypic data. The purpose of QTL mapping is to determine the exact gene location for various complex traits. Increasing grain weight is a way to increase yield in rice. Genes related to grain size were mapped using the Samgang/Nagdong double haploid (SNDH) populations. Grain sizes were diversely distributed in SNDH 113 populations, and OsBRKq1 was detected on chromosome 1 in an analysis of QTL mapping that used 1000 grain weight, grain length, and grain width. OsBRKq1 exhibited high sequence similarity with the brassinosteroid leucine-rich repeat-receptor kinases of Arabidopsis thaliana and Zea mays. It was also predicted to have a similar function because of its high homology. OsBRKq1 interacts with various grain-size control genes. Among the SNDH populations, the analysis of the relative expression level during the panicle formation stage of OsBRKq1 in panicles of SNDH117, which has the largest grain size, and SNDH6, which has the smallest grain size, the relative expression level was significantly increased in SNDH117 panicles. SNDH populations have been advancing generations for 10 years; various genetic traits have been fixed and are currently being used as bridging parents. Therefore, the stable expression level of OsBRKq1 was confirmed via QTL mapping. In the future, OsBRKq1 can be effectively used to increase the yield of rice and solve food problems by increasing the size of seeds.

Highlights

  • IntroductionRice is an essential crop that is consumed by more than half of the world’s population [3,4,5]

  • Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important part of human food consumption worldwide [1,2].rice is an essential crop that is consumed by more than half of the world’s population [3,4,5]

  • The association of between grain length, grain width, and 1000 grain weight was evaluated by Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping

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Summary

Introduction

Rice is an essential crop that is consumed by more than half of the world’s population [3,4,5]. The total area used to plant rice worldwide is estimated at 154 million hectares per year, and its production is around 600 million tons [7]. This production level is sufficient to feed the current population; over an extended period, this equilibrium may be reversed because of demographic explosion. The current rice production should be increased by at least 40% by 2030 to meet the growing demand of the population [8]. It is necessary to combine traditional breeding techniques with modern biotechnology tools to meet the projected production demand

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