Abstract
ABSTRACT Orthomene comprises four species distributed from Central to South America, of which three occur in phytogeographic domains of Brazil. In Brazil, Amazonia is the main center of diversity for the genus. This work is a taxonomic treatment of Orthomene in Brazil and involved analyzing field collections (between January 2017 and July 2018), types and botanical specimens from 32 national and foreign herbaria. The three species in the study area are Orthomene hirsuta,Orthomene prancei and Orthomene schomburgkii. The latter is the most common and widely distributed species of the genus in the country. An identification key, descriptions, illustrations, distribution data, and additional comments for each species are provided.
Highlights
The tribe Anomospermeae Miers comprises 13 genera and 80 species distributed in South and Central America, Indo-Malesia, New Caledonia, Australia, and East Asia (Ortiz et al 2016)
Orthomene was described by Barneby and Krukoff in 1971, was segregated from Anomospermum based on fruit and seed characters, and is easy to recognize because of the apical style scar on the fruit, linear endocarp and endosperm, and straight embryo (Sousa 2016)
Orthomene differs from other genera of Anomospermeae by its linear endocarp and seed, apical style scar on the fruit, and straight embryo
Summary
The tribe Anomospermeae Miers comprises 13 genera and 80 species distributed in South and Central America, Indo-Malesia, New Caledonia, Australia, and East Asia (Ortiz et al 2016). These authors place the genus Orthomene Barneby & Krukoff within this tribe and subfamily Menispermoideae Arn. Orthomene was described by Barneby and Krukoff in 1971, was segregated from Anomospermum based on fruit and seed characters, and is easy to recognize because of the apical style scar on the fruit, linear endocarp and endosperm, and straight embryo (Sousa 2016). This corroborates previous studies by Ortiz et al (2007) and Jacques (2009), who demonstrated that the type of endocarp is a phylogenetically significant character to separate taxa
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