Abstract
After mining for many years, the coal gangue piles up, not only occupies a large amount of land, but also causes serious pollution. Therefore, the treatment and utilization of coal gangue has become an important topic for coal mining and environmental protection departments. The inorganic components of coal gangue are mainly SiO<sub>2</sub> and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, followed by Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, generally accounting for 75%~80% of all components. Organic components are mainly composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen and organic Sulfur, accounting for 20%~25% of all components of oal gangue. In addition, the gangue also contains a small amount of Gallium, Alum, Germanium and other rare earth elements. In recent years, the research of extracting Gallium from other raw materials has developed rapidly. In order to make full use of the waste of resources, turning waste into treasure, improve the economic and social benefits, the paper adopted orthogonal experiment to explore the the gangue gallium extraction conditions. The experiments take the high-temperature acid leaching method of orthogonal experimental design experimental conditions. Acid concentration, ignition temperature, ignition time, the acid leaching temperature, leaching time and other factors on the extraction rate of gallium. After a large number of scientific comparison of the experimental conditions, to get the better conditions of the extraction of gallium that acid concentration 6mol / L, the ignition temperature of 600°C, the ignition time 0.5h, acid leaching temperature of 100°C, leaching time for 6 h. The extraction rate of 95%, provide a viable experimental conditions for the gangue gallium extraction.
Highlights
After years of coal mining, the waste coal gangue is piled up like mountains, which occupies a lot of land, and causes serious pollution, solving the problems of coal gangue treatment and utilization has become an important issue for coal mining and environmental protection departments
Coal gangue contains a small amount of gallium, alum, germanium and other rare earth elements [3]
Determination of Gallium Content in Coal Gangue Samples. This experiment design discussed the influences of ignition temperature, ignition time, acid concentration, acid leaching time and acid leaching temperature on the extraction rate of gallium, and analyzed the experimental data according to the range method, so as to obtain the optimal experimental conditions
Summary
After years of coal mining, the waste coal gangue is piled up like mountains, which occupies a lot of land, and causes serious pollution, solving the problems of coal gangue treatment and utilization has become an important issue for coal mining and environmental protection departments. In the atomic energy industry, Gallium is used as a heat carrier, it can be used as heat exchange medium in nuclear reactor Gallium compounds such as GaAs, GaP, GaSb, Ga-As-Sn, Ga-Al-As are widely used in industrial applications such as List of semiconductor materials, optical devices and modern defense. [9, 10] In recent years, the research of extracting gallium from other raw materials develops very fast, such as the extraction from by-products of aluminum smelting industry, from zinc slag of hydrometallurgy, from ore and alum slag, etc., generally speaking, gallium leaching mainly has the following two processes: one is high temperature calcination leaching, namely calcination at 500°C to 1000°C, and leaching with acid (H2SO4, HCl, HNO3, etc.) or a mixture of various acids at a certain temperature and pressure to transfer gallium into solution. This experiment adopted a scientific method for studying and dealing with the multi-factor experiment - "orthogonal experiment method" to design the experimental scheme, and studied the influence of multiple factors, so that the experiment could select a few experiments with strong representativeness to obtain the optimal or better experimental conditions, and make the determination of experimental conditions more reasonable and reliable
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