Abstract
Introduction: Many reference planes are being used to determine prominence of upper and lower lip for orthognathic face profile. E-line and S-line are being used to determine lip position in local popuation of Multan city of Pakistan. Materials and Method: Execution of present study was done in Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan during the period of November 2019-March 2020. 300 (112 Males and 188 Females) subjects were selected for this study from all provinces of Pakistan. Their radiographic records (Lateral cephalograms) were taken from radiographic department of related institution. Acetate matte sheets were used to construct reference planes by using 3H pencil. Steiner’s E-line and Rickett’s S-line were used to find Upper and Lower lip position from these reference lines. SPSS was used to analyze data after applying independent t-test. Result: Mean Upper and lower lip position from E- line was -1.74mm & -0.33mm and from S-line was 0.82mm and 1.47mm Conclusion: Cephalometric lip morphology assessment in Multan, Pakistani adults by using Steiner’s and Rickettsreference planes on lateral cephalogram is slightly different as compare to other populations
Highlights
Many reference planes are being used to determine prominence of upper and lower lip for orthognathic face profile
Pretreatment and post treatment lip position is an integral part of orthodontic philosophy which should be communicated in patient-doctor discussion[2]
It was found that local population has lip position within normal range such as the upper lip was protrusive (+1.3±0.885 mm) and lower lip is retrusive (-0.71±1.105 mm) in relation to E line[6]
Summary
Many reference planes are being used to determine prominence of upper and lower lip for orthognathic face profile. Increased inter labial gap is a source of complain about their profile and consultation with orthodontist for treatment. Skeletal Class II malocclusion makes upper jaw more prominent and increases inter labial gap. This skeletal pattern (Class II) causes shortening in the size of mandible and it becomes V-shaped[1]. It is important to develop cephalometric reference line for assessment of lip positon in different populations with standard methods. It is purpose of determining lip position in orthodontics to get successful esthetic outcomes[7]
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