Abstract
AimsTo analyze changes in oropharynx microbiota composition after receiving induced chemotherapy followed by surgery for hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) patients.MethodsClinical data and swab samples of 38 HPSCC patients (HPSCC group) and 30 patients with benign disease (control group, CG) were enrolled in the study. HPSCC group was stratified into two groups: induced chemotherapy group (IC) of 10 patients and non-induced chemotherapy group (nIC) of 28 patients. The microbiota from oropharyngeal membrane was analyzed through 16S rRNA sequencing.ResultsAlpha-diversity (Shannon and Ace indexes) and weighted UniFrac based beta-diversity severely decreased in the HPSCC group when compared with CG. In pre-operative comparisons, PCoA and NMDS analyses showed microbial structures in the IC group were more similar to CG than nIC. Both IC group and nIC group yielded significantly diverse post-operative communities in contrast to their pre-operative counterparts, evident by the decrease in genera Veillonella and Fusobacterium and increase in genera Streptococcus and Gemella. Given that post-operative oropharynx microbiota showed no difference between IC and nIC groups, the IC group showed less accumulation in anaerobic communities. The abundance of genera Fusobacterium, Parvimonas, Actinomyces were enhanced in the advanced stages (III/IV).ConclusionsOropharynx microbiota in the HPSCC group presents dysbiosis with low diversity and abundance. Induced chemotherapy is beneficial in adjusting the oropharynx microbial environment leading to fewer amounts of anaerobe accumulation after operation. Higher amounts of Fusobacterium in advanced stages (III/IV) may influence the progression of HPSCC.
Highlights
Microbial communities that harbor in human bodies co-evolve with their host over time to reach a dynamic balance
The hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) group was further stratified into ten patients who received induced chemotherapy followed by surgical treatment (IC group) and 28 patients that received surgical treatment
The microbial diversity in HPSCC patients A total of 3,109,883 raw tags were generated from HPSCC and 2,440,851 from control group (CG)
Summary
Microbial communities that harbor in human bodies co-evolve with their host over time to reach a dynamic balance. A ratio of bacteria and body cells of the entire human host has been estimated at 1.3:1 [1]. The versatile composition of human microbiota could enrich. Personal habits or different biomedical processes such as metabolism [6], immune status [7], energy intake, and cell status [8] may heavily influence microbial composition. Growing evidence concerning specific microbiome alterations has been closely associated with the initiation and progression of many carcinomas, especially those such as colorectal carcinoma [10] and oral squamous cell carcinoma [11]. The dysbiosis of the microbial ecosystem might proceed to facilitate this multifacet and complex progress
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