Oropharyngeal leak pressure with the laryngeal mask airway Supreme™ at different intracuff pressures: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract

A higher oropharyngeal leak pressure (OLP) is a marker of efficacy and safety when using laryngeal mask airway devices. The new disposable laryngeal mask airway (LMA™) Supreme™ has lower OLP compared with the LMA ProSeal™. Increased intracuff pressure of laryngeal mask airway devices may improve OLP but may result in more postoperative pharyngolaryngeal adverse events. This study was designed to compare the OLP of the LMA Supreme at varying intracuff pressures. One hundred and twenty-three patients were divided randomly into three groups. General anesthesia was standardized using a propofol-fentanyl induction and desflurane in air-oxygen for maintenance. Intracuff pressures of the LMA Supreme were adjusted to 80cm H(2)O, 60cm H(2)O, and 40cm H(2)O according to group allocation. The primary outcome was OLP. Secondary outcomes included postoperative pharyngolaryngeal adverse events and the satisfaction scores of patients and anesthesiologists. The OLP was compared amongst groups using analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction. All reported P values are two-sided. The OLP with an intracuff pressure of 80cm H(2)O was significantly higher compared with 60cm H(2)O and 40cm H(2)O (26 [6] vs 20 [6] vs 18 [5] cm H(2)O, respectively; P<0.001). The incidence of postoperative pharyngolaryngeal adverse events (P=0.6), patient satisfaction scores (P=0.2), and anesthesiologist satisfaction scores (P=0.8) were comparable amongst the three groups. An intracuff pressure of 80cm H(2)O with the LMA Supreme is associated with a higher OLP compared with 60cm H(2)O or 40cm H(2)O without a greater incidence of postoperative pharyngolaryngeal adverse events. For a superior glottic seal when using the LMA Supreme, we recommend intracuff pressures up to 80cm H(2)O.