Abstract
AbstractThe impact of mountains on stratospheric circulation is explored using the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model. The “Mongolian mountains” decrease the boreal winter stratospheric jet strength by ∼1/3 and increase the frequency of major sudden stratospheric warmings from 0.08 year−1 to the observed 0.60 year−1. These changes are twice the magnitude of the impacts of the Tibetan plateau and Himalayas. Consistent with the decrease in the zonal jet, there is enhanced Eliassen‐Palm flux convergence; this is predominantly from changes in wave propagation pathways through changes to the upper troposphere circulation, not from an increased amplitude of planetary waves reaching the stratosphere. The Mongolian mountains have the greater impact on upper tropospheric circulation due to their meridional location. The Rocky Mountains have no significant impact on the stratospheric jet. Changes in wave propagation in response to the Mongolian mountains are similar to those associated with major sudden stratospheric warming events in observations.
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