Orofacial myofunctional evaluation in cleft lip and palate: an integrative literature review

Giédre Berretin-Felix,Katia Flores Genaro,Andréia Fernandes Graziani

doi:10.1590/1982-0216/20192116418

Abstract

ABSTRACT Purpose: to identify the focus of scientific publications in the field of orofacial motricity in individuals with cleft lip and palate, as well as validated protocols used in speech and language evaluation. Methods: a study conducted using the following databases: Medline, SciELO, Lilacs and Google Scholar, through keywords including: cleft palate + cleft lip + evaluation + speech therapy + stomatognathic system + speech + phonation + chewing + swallowing + breathing + validation studies, in Portuguese and English. Results: a total of 572 articles that addressed the evaluation of the stomatognathic system was selected. The articles were published between 2012 and 2017, and examined for year of publication, subject area, focus, instrument used for evaluation, and type of study. Of these, 90 articles met the inclusion criteria, but only 5 used validated protocols. The greatest number of articles was published in 2014. The studies covered broad age groups, using subjective and objective methods, and instruments were often non-standardized. Conclusion: speech was the prevalent theme, while other orofacial functions were poorly investigated, demonstrating that studies with other approaches were lacking.

Highlights

The stomatognathic system consists of oral structures and performs several essential functions thatinterrelatewith its anatomy
Albery, Bowden et al.[20]: Parameters for the analysis of speech and treatment results were established in 12 centers in Great Britain and Ireland, aiming at a national audit process to standardize the records of individuals with cleft lip and palate, and to improve treatment
Samples were analyzed by speech therapists experienced in the application of the Cleft Audit Protocol for Speech-Augmented (CAPS-A) protocol[17] to determine the optimal timing of speech evaluation and recording and to compare inter-center speech results according to established parameters: speech evaluation (2 and 5 years old), speech and surgery, and surgery and hearing

Summary

Introduction

The stomatognathic system consists of oral structures and performs several essential functions thatinterrelatewith its anatomy. Any influence on this system will result in adaptation[1]. Cleft lip and palate affect the stomatognathic system and, the performance of orofacial functions. Individuals may present with orofacial myofunctional changes that require speech therapy[2]. A detailed evaluation of the stomatognathic system[3,4] is essential for the speech-language pathologist to diagnose and treat dysfunction. There is a need for a well-structured data collection and recording system, and for standardized evaluation protocols[5]

Objectives

Methods

Results