Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze whether trombonists present orofacial myofunctional changes and compare the electrical activity of the orbicularis oris muscle before and after playing their instrument. Methods: an observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 20 university trombonists. Data collection involved three steps: application of a questionnaire investigating some peculiarities of trombonists (Orofacial Myofunctional Evaluation with Expanded Scores - OMES-E), and electromyographic analysis of the orbicularis oris muscle before and after performing a piece with the trombone. The mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage were calculated, and the paired Student’s t test was used to compare the means of the electromyographic records before and after playing the trombone, at a 5% significance. Results: seventy per cent of trombonists reported some symptom of orofacial myofunctional alteration, namely, muscle compensations, tension, and pain. The myofunctional evaluation showed a mild change in cheek volume (90%) and labial commissure asymmetry (60%). The electrical activity of the lower orbicularis oris muscle decreased significantly after the trombone practice (p = 0.04), while that of the superior orbicularis oris muscle remained unchanged. Conclusion:trombonists show clinical and self-reported oromyofunctional changes as well as decreased electrical activity of the lower orbicularis oris muscle, after playing the trombone.
Highlights
IntroductionThe orbicularis oris muscles are complex and have intrinsic and extrinsic fibers that innervate the lips, which are the most mobile structures of the face[1,2]
The orbicularis oris muscles are complex and have intrinsic and extrinsic fibers that innervate the lips, which are the most mobile structures of the face[1,2].Any change in stomatognathic structures and functions can disrupt the entire stomatognathic system (SS)[1,3]
Details of the activity can be captured by surface electromyography[2]
Summary
The orbicularis oris muscles are complex and have intrinsic and extrinsic fibers that innervate the lips, which are the most mobile structures of the face[1,2]. Any change in stomatognathic structures and functions can disrupt the entire stomatognathic system (SS)[1,3]. This includes affecting muscle electrical activity, which is triggered by the excitation of muscle fibers by nerve ones. One of the factors that can unbalance SS is excessive or inadequate use of the structures and functions of this system. The constant use of musical instruments, especially wind instruments, is one of the causes of orofacial complications. Wind musicians are exposed to work-related risk factors[4]
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