Abstract
Nowadays, when high speeds and high concentration of different aircraft in the atmosphere could exict, the problem of flight safety, particularly in areas with a complex ornithological situation has special importance. Frequent collisions with the birds often lead to air crashes and inflict great damage. Information about large concentrations of birds received the traditional methods of visual observation and at a considerable distance from the airways, can not meet the needs of airport dispatchers. Using different radars for bird surveys can solve this problem. There are quite a large number of radars with various types and designs, which differ in their abilities to record the radar reflections from the birds to determine the height of their flights, directions and speeds.In this paper, we present a short review of different, relatively modern types of radar, the use of which can significantly improve air safety and provide ornithologists with invaluable information regarding the characteristics of the bird flight. Using the radar in ornithological studies in conditions of former CIS countries is rather an expensive process that requires skilled technical and scientific personnel. However, we suppose that the modern scientist should know about all the existing technical means and methods of radar research.Keywords: radar, ornithology, review, mobile systems.
Highlights
Nowadays, when high speeds and high concentration of different aircraft in the atmosphere could exict, the problem of flight safety, in areas with a complex ornithological situation has special importance
There are quite a large number of radars with various types and designs, which differ in their abilities to record the radar reflections from the birds to determine the height of their flights, directions and speeds
We present a short review of different, relatively modern types of radar, the use of which can significantly improve air safety and provide ornithologists with invaluable information regarding the characteristics of the bird flight
Summary
В настоящей статье мы приводим обзор различных, наиболее современных типов радаров, использование которых может существенно повысить безопасность полетов и снабдить ученых-орнитологов бесценной информацией относительно полетных характеристик птиц. We present a short review of different, relatively modern types of radar, the use of which can significantly improve air safety and provide ornithologists with invaluable information regarding the characteristics of the bird flight. Один из первых обзоров различных импульсных радаров, применяемых для орнитологических исследований, был проведен в работе (Eastwood, 1972), сравнительный обзор технических характеристик и возможностей радаров - в статьях (Bruderer, Stegender, 1981; Bruderer, 1987; Buurma, 1995). 2 и 3 отражены значения радарного поперечного сечения птиц, регистрируемых радарами с различной длиной волны при разных аспектах птицы (ее положению по отношению к лучу радара). Вариации радарного поперечного сечения птиц в зависимости от их аспекта (5-см радар, Eastwood, 1967)
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