伯利恆之星（Ornithogalum saudersiae Bak.）種球貯藏條件之探討

Abstract

This research was to study effect of storage condition on bulbs rotten rate during storage and the effect on growth and flowering rate after planting. The bulbs of Star-of-Bethlehem (Ornithogalum saundersiae Bak.) were harvested from Taiwan university Mei-Feng farm in the mid of January 2006, and dry in the sun in plastic greenhouse for six weeks, finally stored at 13-15℃, relative humidity 35-45% cool room for two months before experiment. Star-of-Bethlehem bulbs were stored at 10℃, 15℃, 20℃, and 25℃ respectively for 4, 10, and 14 weeks, the rotten rate at 10℃ after 10 weeks storage was 59.4％ and 62.5% for 14 weeks storage , while rotten rate of 20℃ after 14 weeks storage were 0％, it shows that 10℃ is not the suitable temperature for bulbs storage and 20℃ is the best storage temperature for bulbs storage within 14 weeks. Star-of-Bethlehem bulbs were stored at 10℃, 15℃, 20℃, and 25℃ respectively for 4, 10, and 14 weeks, it was observed after anatomized that the buds of all treatments were all flower buds. Abortion rate were 60% for treatment by 20℃ and 25℃ after 30 weeks storage. After 34 weeks storage all treatments had abortion bud, the least abortion rate was 20% for 15℃ treatment. Therefore, 20 ℃ and 25℃ was suitable only for 14 weeks storage and 15℃ was the best storage temperature for 30 to 34 weeks storage at this experiment. Star-of-Bethlehem bulbs were stored at 10℃, 15℃, 20℃, and 25℃ respectively for 4, 10, and 14 weeks, then planted at Taipei, Chun-Yang farm, and Mei-Feng farm, 20 and 25 ℃ treatment exhibited more number of leaf and faster leaf growth rate than 10℃ and 15℃ treatment . Flowering rate would decline with storage days. After 14 weeks storage, Mei-Feng farm had the lowest flowering rate . 20℃ storage for 14 weeks could maintain acceptable flowering rate, and 10℃storage had lowest flowering rate. Bulbs treat by 20℃ storage then planted in Taipei exhibited the most number of total florets . In general, days to flowering of star–of-Bethlehem decreased with storage temperature drop and increased with altitude of plant area rising. The number of total florets decreased with storage temperature drop and with storage time increasing and with altitude of plant rising. Bulb sizes of Star–of-Bethlehem were divided into 3 sizes by weight, big（90 to 120 g）, middle（60 to 90 g）, and small（30 to 60 g）before storage, to discuss the effect of bulb sizes on germinating rate and flowering rate. Result exhibited that bulb sizes had no relation with germinating rate. Flowering rate of 3 sizes bulbs after 14 weeks storage were 75％, 60％, and 40％ respectively, and there was significant difference. It shows that the lower flowering rate, the smaller bulb size had after 14 weeks storage. The length of stalk grew with bulb sizes being bigger and big bulbs had the most total florets during 14 weeks storage. Bulbs of Star–of-Bethlehem were treat with 0 KJ/m2, 0.5 KJ/m2, 1 KJ/m2, and2 KJ/m2 UV-C, then stored respectively at 10 and 15℃ cool room. Rotten rate at 10℃ storage after 14 weeks was 80％. Bulbs were all rotten after 30 weeks storage. Bulbs were not rotten for 4 intensity UV-C treatments after 30 weeks storage at 15℃ .UV-C treatment had no effect on decreasing bulb rotten rate at 10℃ storage temperature. Star–of-Bethlehem bulbs after 481 days storage, there was 60% flower bud and 40% leaf bud being observed. 130 Bulbs were planted at 2007/11/3, only 5 stalk observed at 2008/1/4.The earliest date for the bulb to flowering were 2007/11/3, stalk length was 78 cm, the other 4 stalk length were 121㎝, 102㎝, 134.5㎝, and 97㎝ respectively, did not flower till 2008/1/4.