Abstract
Abstract The water content in the garnet and clinopyroxene in the mantle eclogites from the V. Grib kimberlite pipe (Arkhangelsk Diamondiferous Province, NW Russia) was analysed using Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. The results show that all clinopyroxene grains contained structural water at concentrations of 39 to 247 ppm, whereas two garnet samples contained detectable water at concentrations of 211 and 337 ppm. The low-MgO eclogites with oceanic gabbro precursors contained significantly higher water concentrations in the omphacites (70–247 ppm) and whole rock (35–224 ppm) compared to those with oceanic basalt protoliths (49–73 ppm and 20–36 ppm, respectively). The incorporation of water into the clinopyroxene may be associated with vacancies at the M2 site, Al in the tetrahedral position, and the elements that filled the M2 site (mostly Na and Ca). The highest water content in the omphacite was detected in a nonmetasomatised sample and was assumed to represent residual water that survived during subduction. Other eclogite samples showed signs of modal and/or cryptic metasomatism and contained less water in the omphacites compared to the nonmetasomatised sample. The water content was heterogeneous within the eclogite section of the sampled lithospheric mantle. The lack of distinct and uniform correlations between the indices of eclogite modification and their water content indicated that the saturation with water was disturbed during their residence within the lithospheric mantle.
Highlights
The study of the water content in the rock-forming minerals of mantle xenoliths that are entrained in kimberlites provides information concerning water storage in the lithospheric mantle of ancient cratons
The water can be identified as several percentages by weight in hydrous minerals and up to 2000 ppm in nominally anhydrous minerals (NAMs; e.g., olivine, pyroxene, and garnet)
The concentration of water in the peridotite NAMs can provide information about the bulk water content in the lithospheric mantle of ancient cratons, as the peridotites are dominant in their composition
Summary
The study of the water content in the rock-forming minerals of mantle xenoliths that are entrained in kimberlites provides information concerning water storage in the lithospheric mantle of ancient cratons. Since the hydrous phases occur sporadically in mantle xenoliths, their NAMs reserve the main water content in the lithospheric mantle. The concentration of water in the peridotite NAMs can provide information about the bulk water content in the lithospheric mantle of ancient cratons, as the peridotites are dominant in their composition. Grib kimberlite pipe contains significant varieties of the mantle and crustal xenoliths (e.g., [22,23,24]). The eclogite xenoliths comprise approximately 10% to 12% of the mantle constituents and are represented by two main groups: coarsegrained eclogites and fine-to-medium-grained equigranular zircon-bearing eclogites. The coarse-grained eclogites are the most abundant, whereas the zircon-bearing eclogites are rare
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